Nc Eog Practice Reading Tests 3rd Grade
IELTS Reading Practice Test 2022: Free Reading practice exam prepared past our experts to help you apace reach band viii+ scores.
There are 03 reading passages between 600 – 900 words each. Candidates are required to find data and mark their answers on the respond sheet (download link below).
Total no. of questions : 40
You should spend near twenty mins on questions one-13.
A. The future farms may be congenital right in the middle of your neighbourhood. Suburban sprawl, combined with huge economies of scale in agricultural operations, take driven food production away from centres of population, with an increase in travel toll and take chances of spoilage en road. However, the days of market gardens in cities supplying fresh food items may soon be over; mass urban farming may soon replace them.
A visionary microbiologist, David Michael from U of T , sees our future cities filled with a new kind of market garden. The creator of this radical 'vertical farming' thought describes the evolution of concept from older idea of 'rooftop gardening' in Manhattan. While this was amazing, it couldn't be fabricated sustainable on a mass scale. But it planted the seed of some other great thought. Looking at greenhouse evolution projects in New York, the resulting concept was mass-scale, indoor, urban farming in heaven scrappers.
B. Following this, David fix lab projects aimed at dissimilar design challenges and attracted a huge range of enthusiastic collaborators and contributors. He believes this vertical farming method possess solutions to some of the world's disquisitional issues. The earth population is expected to grow by 3.5 billion to eight.half dozen billion over the next half century. By then, some 80% will live in the cities, and they will need something to eat.
At the aforementioned time, conventional agriculture and grazing land takes upward an enormous amount of space, with over ane/3rd of the world's surface currently used for farming. David figures that in the adjacent 5 decades an area new arable state of roughly the size equivalent to Brazil will be required to feed the globe's growing population – land that only non existent.
C. David's concept relies on using greenish architecture methods and materials to build sky scrappers that grow and produce agronomical crops. New technologies like cheaper reflectors, which reflect sunlight where information technology'due south required, more than efficient energy solar panels and system-wide recycling are central to the programme.
One usual feature is the use of a type of shellfish for the filteration of water. These tin can make clean urban waste product to a state more suitable for irrigation.
D. 'Outside, one acre of land means unmarried crop per year,' says David. 'Indoors, you can cultivate single crop every iii months. You can get four dissimilar crops per year.' He suggests that 150 such buildings could feed the entire neighbourhood of New York for one year. Indoor crops require less pesticides and are less vulnerable to natural problems, such as famine. Some academics say that a single heaven scrapper farm roofing 1.5 hectares could produce enough food to feed 35,000 people for ane twelvemonth – the same as 450 hectare farm. Each floor would be rigged up with with special hydroponic watering systems, solar panels to provide electricity and artificial lighting.
However, vertical farming is non without difficulties. One is – artificial lighting uses a slap-up amount of electricity and generate considerable amount of heat every bit well. Some other is cost, with some $95 million per building for construction and some other $5 1000000 for functioning per twelvemonth.
E. Amidst experts, opinions vary on the success of this project. It is a serious challenge to create atmospheric condition suitable for growth, and some even recall the yield from crop would not exist economically viable. 'My biggest reservation is that the basic premise has flaws. We already know the ways to increment nutrient production from existing land resources, particularly in areas with surplus country surface area for instance, sub-Saharan Africa. It's merely that we do information technology incredibly wrong at the moment, says Rob Sinha, a rural evolution researcher at the University of Whales. 'This is a rich person'due south aspiration.'
F. Yet there are stiff supporters everywhere. Luc Jarvis, an advocate at Canda's IDRC, says the vertical farm is not only possible, but volition happen very shortly. 'Information technology would get together at one site unlike elements already at work around the world, he says.
David has the backing of his University as well every bit venture capitalists from People's republic of china, India, Eye East and Netherlands. If the vertical farming vision becomes a reality, we could expect fresh fruits and veggies sourced from just around the corner, except these might come from the 51st floor.
Write the correct letter, A-F, you may use any letter more than than in one case.
one. Doubts well-nigh the feasibility and viability of the project – ………………
two. The idea of shifting market gardens from the outskirts to inner-metropolis circles – ………………
3. How the system would avoid existing agricultural bug – ………………
iv. A previous program that was impractical for widespread usage – ………………
5. Sources of financial support to the proposal – ………………
6. A method of dealing with waste product substance – ………………
Choose NO More than THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each reply.
7. Population within 50 years idea to attain ………………
8. Population within 50 years ……………… living in rural areas
9. Proportion of earth now used for farming ………………
10. We will need an actress area as large as ……………… to provide food
Choose NO More than THREE WORDS from the passage.
xi. How will the indoor farms generate energy ? ………………
12. Besides the expense, what is the other challenge for indoor farms ? ………………
13. When does Luc Jarvis believe that David's idea become a reality ? ………………
People have pondered the movements of planets and stars for equally long every bit life of humans on earth. Long ago it was noticed that some lights in the heaven looked permanent in relation to each other and these were called 'Fixed stars', whereas other lights moved about much more independently and were called 'Wanderers'.
Nosotros know the latter every bit planets and we as well know that stars are not fixed in fact move in predictable manner. That both stars and planets circled the sky over 24 hours was supposed to be because they revolved around the world. One early on theory explained the 'music of spheres'. It was believed that the stars/planets were fixed on the glass similar spheres that were centred on the earth and created high-pitched music as they moved, this latter belief originated from humming in the ears at loftier altitudes.
The Greek astronomer, Ptolemy was the first to propose a blueprint to these movements and in his Ptolemaic organization the Dominicus, Moon and the Planets each had a sphere moving freely from others, and the stars were all stock-still on the outer sphere. The system was thus able to account for the differing movements then witnessed.
Past the 16th century, more accurately measuring instruments were bachelor, even before Telescope was developed. Nicolas, a Smooth monk, spent his life making accurate observation of heavens. He tried to explain the logic behind the movement of planets merely found that the round movement of a sphere could not explain why, for case, Mars stopped apparently and gone backwards for a while.
He discovered that the planets movement far more than predictably, and circle the Sun rather than the World. At present the problem is that, many people believed human was the epicentre of the universe, and and then not everyone accustomed it. Copernicus avoided this problem by suggesting the theory as a method of accurately finding dates of important festivals. The theory was widely supported in the 17th century, when Galileo taught Copernican arrangement to his students.
The telescope was invented in kingdom of the netherlands to accurately mensurate planetary motion. The German astronomer, Johan Kepler used information technology to discover that the Copernican observations were inaccurate and then could non predict the planet orbits. Copernicus causeless that the planets had circular movements around the Sun, just Kepler found they didn't, in fact they moved in ellipses. He then developed his iii laws of planetary move.
Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer had been appointed as the court astronomer to the Romans and had made important observations that Kepler needed for his theories. However, although Kepler already had iii laws explaining the movement of planets, Isaac Newton explained WHY they move in 18th century.
Isaac'south invention of reflecting telescope is often seen as a defining moment in astronomical discoveries, but in fact he just enhanced it; the original telescope was invented by Lippershey in 1608. He used convex lens in a tube, focusing lite into an eyepiece. The first telescopes were seen as vital military instrument to detect the afar approach of the enemy before Galileo used one to see night heaven.
Newton discovered that a concave mirror reflecting lite onto a apartment mirror gave an accurately enhanced paradigm of the heavens. Furthermore, mirrors were easier to produce than lenses and could be fabricated larger, thus increasing the ability of astronomers to trace the star movements. Withal information technology was Newton's laws of gravitation that explained the the authentic movement of planets.
Questions xiv-19
Match each statement with the right persons, A-East. Y'all may use any letter more than than once.
A. Ptolemy B. Nicolaus Copernicus C. Galileo Galilei D. John Kepler Eastward. Isaac Newton
14. A change in the design led to an comeback in scientific instrument – …………………..
15. The planets took an egg-shaped trajectory – …………………..
16. The science at the time did not hold with what was observed in the sky – …………………..
17. The planets revolved around a unlike object in contrast to what was believed earlier – …………………..
18. A revolutionary theory provided reasons for the blueprint in which the planets moved – …………………..
19. The use of a telescope provided evidence that amended the earlier observations – …………………..
Questions 20-23
Choose NO More THAN 3 WORDS from the paragraph.
20. Early observers used the terminology ………………….. to refer to motionless features in the heaven.
21. Objects that appeared to exist mobile are at present called as …………………..
22. Co-ordinate to an early thinking, ………………….. was fabricated past the motility of celestial bodies.
23. Ptolemy believed that every planet moved within its ain …………………..
Questions 24-27
The diagrams show the basic differences between Lippershey's and Newton'southward telescopic designs.
Characterization the diagrams beneath.
Cull NO More THREE WORDS from the passage.
IELTS Reading Practice Test 2022 – Passage 3
During the 19th century, information technology was believed that a sound alter afflicted the whole language at the same time: one sound system smoothly develop into the second, and all words that independent a particular audio would be affected in the same manner. We at present know that such a change does not operate in an ordinary fashion. Some speakers introduce the modify into their speech before others exercise; some use information technology more frequently than others.
A more authentic way is to think change equally something gradually spreading through the words of a linguistic communication. At first simply a few people use the change occasionally in common language; then a large number of words are affected, with the audio gradually used consistently; and so the majority of words counter the change.
The show of this kind of process originated from sociolinguistic studies of the variations in modern languages. These studies move forward on the assumption that language variation is an evidence of the change in progress of a language. Detailed observations are made of the manner in which dissimilar people speak in different social circumstances. The parameters that demonstrate these differences are called as Linguistic Variables.
These are small scale studies, but they have large implications. The same gradual procedure of change affects whole language equally well as whole dialects. The metaphor of a wave has proved to exist attractive since the 19th century: a change spreads through a language is only like a stone sends ripples beyond a pool. It is piece of cake to recognise a alter in a language – but only afterward the change has taken place.
It is not so difficult to call up on how people spoke several years ago to bespeak to a new word recently entered the linguistic communication. But, information technology is impossible to predict which sounds, words or grammatical structure will change in the next twenty years. It is also difficult to precisely say about the origins of a modify in a language. Who first used ? where it was used ? and when exactly information technology was used ?
Historical dictionaries shows an approximate date of entry for a new word or meaning – simply these dates invariably reflect the primeval known use of that word in written form. The first usage of the discussion in spoken communication is an unknown number of years previous to that.
To obtain answers to these questions, nosotros need to know more about why language transform. With the causes of change, nosotros could kickoff to brand predictions nearly when a change was more probable to take place, and observe it while information technology was happening. There has long been thoughtful speculation on the matter, with suggested causes coming out from the fields such as theology and climatology (which is a result of human being physical location – the mountain dweller having a physiologically different speech capacity compared with the valley dweller).
Some scholars have adopted a highly negative view, assertive that the causes can never be establish. These days, the speculation and pessimism are being replaced by an increasing amount of scientific studies, which has shown that there is no i reason for language change. Several factors play their role, some with the nature of club, and some with the nature of language structure.
When humans movement away from each other, their language will diverge. The two groups will have variety of experiences, and at the very least their vocabulary volition change. Similarly, when people come into contact, their language will converge. The sounds, grammar and vocabulary of i group are likely to put some influence on the other. These days, the increased mobility of people betwixt countries, makes this a major factor.
New ideas are being created constantly, and language changes to accept them. At the same time, old objects and ideas become obsolete. Some change is the consequence of one population grouping imperfectly learning the language of some other. This is a mutual analogy of bilingualism. The minority language forms a minor category of people that in the long term influences major category.
People commonly talk like those they admire – a process that may be conscious or subconscious. Conscious change can be observed in those cases where people use or avoid certain features of their spoken language – such equally happened with the English pronoun "whom". Subconscious change, where people don't know the direction in which their speech is moving; it is less noticeable.
The movement may be towards a favoured dialect, or away from one that is held in low esteem. The speakers are mostly aware of the existence of linguistic differences, but unaware of any trend in their own speech connected to their attitude.
Questions 28-34
Choose the correct letter – A,B,C or D
28. What are linguistic variables ?
A. how unlike people use different language
B. they testify unpredictability of changes in languages
C. they record laws of speaking
D. they show who innovate linguistic change
29. According to writer, what is the human relationship betwixt changes in languages and in dialects ?
A. a small change in dialect will indicate major alter in a language
B. linguistic communication change is closely followed by dialect alter
C. they start apace then irksome downwards gradually
D. none of them happen suddenly
30. When does the general language change can exist recognised ?
A. when vocabulary offset get into a language
B. after a decade of usage
C. when majority people in a group accept inverse their way of speaking
D. only follows the occurrence of a change
31. Why location influence alter in language ?
A. people from warmer places are more creative
B. different environments affects human bodies
C. people living in hills utilize different expressions than others
D. speed of language change affected past the altitude
32. What has been demonstrated past recent scientific inquiry ?
A. new language patterns are dictated past influential people
B. unlike relationships among people dull downwardly language change
C. language change has more than i crusade
33. How language change seem to be affected past human being mobility ?
A. information technology increases the charge per unit at which new languages are learnt
B. people who travel struggle to adopt a new language
C. linguistic communication changes when people leave other members of their group
D. it has no affect on the language modify
34. Most ofttimes institute aspect of language alter is ?
A. changes that user himself does not notice
B. deliberately imitate someone to achieve condition
C. newcomers effort to improve pronunciation
D. efforts to update vocabulary
Questions 35-40
Exercise the following statements concur with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3 ?
YES – write if statement agrees
NO – write if argument contradicts
Not GIVEN – write if no information provided
35. Linguistic modify occurs when a new pronunciation is uniformly adopted ………………….
36. Water patterns are also fifty-fifty to exist compared to the linguistic communication patterns ………………….
37. Historical dictionaries registered the start spoken use of a new discussion ………………….
38. Recently, new vocabulary has mainly been introduced electronically ………………….
39. Change tin can happen when new speakers of a language brand errors ………………….
40. An established language can go influenced by an introduced language ………………….
IELTS Reading Do Test 2022-Test 1 comes under"Moderate to Hard" category. So, if yous are scoring 27+/xl you lot are guaranteed to hit band vii in the real exam.
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